Impersonal pronoun 'es' You must have come across the prono | Learn German with Leo🦁

Impersonal pronoun "es"

You must have come across the pronoun es in sentences like “es geht um…; es regnet” and others. When is it used?

When it comes to natural phenomena:
Es regnet draussen. - It is raining outside.

In impersonal constructions in which the character is not named or unknown:
Es klopft an der Tür. - There's a knock on the door.

In stable constructions es gibt (exists / is), es geht (it is about ..., it is said), es fehlt (not enough), etc.:
Es geht um Ökologie. - It's about the environment.

When it comes to physical sensations and mood:
Es ist mir übel. - I do not feel good.

With “event” verbs:
Es hat gut geklappt. - Everything went well.